Presbyopia
Presbyopia is a visual defect characterised by the inability to focus on nearby objects. It occurs gradually as part of the aging process due to loss of flexibility of the lens. When focusing on nearby objects, a normal lens changes shape by the constriction of muscles surrounding the lens. As the lens hardens with age, they cannot adequately change shape, resulting in blurring of vision.
Those with presbyopia have a tendency to hold reading material farther away to reduce blurring and often complain of eyestrain or headache.
To diagnose presbyopia, your doctor will perform an eye exam that consists of various tests that study different aspects of your vision. Eye drops that dilate your pupils may be instilled to obtain a clear view of the inside of your eyes.
Your doctor takes into account any existing vision abnormalities such as nearsightedness or farsightedness, and depending on the severity of your condition and your personal preference, glasses or contact lenses are prescribed. Refractive surgery, which changes the shape of your cornea (outermost layer of your eye), may be suggested to improve near vision. Your doctor may also recommend intraocular implants, where your natural lens’ are removed and replaced with synthetic ones.